Penghargaan Pulitzer

Penghargaan Pulitzer atau dalam bahasa Inggris di sebut Pulitzer Prize adalah penghargaan yang dianggap tertinggi dalam bidang jurnalisme cetak di Amerika Serikat. Penghargaan ini juga diberikan untuk pencapaian dalam bidang sastra dan gubahan musik. Penghargaan Pulitzer pertama diberikan pada 4 Juni 1917, dan sejak beberapa waktu lalu, mulai diumumkan setiap tahunnya pada bulan April.

Penerima penghargaan ini dipilih oleh sebuah badan independen yang secara resmi diatur oleh Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism (Sekolah Jurnalisme Universitas Columbia) di Amerika Serikat. Penghargaan ini diciptakan oleh Joseph Pulitzer, seorang jurnalis dan penerbit surat kabar Hungaria-Amerika pada akhir abad ke-19.

Penghargaan diberikan dalam kategori-kategori yang berhubungan dengan jurnalisme, kesenian dan surat-surat. Hanya laporan yang diterbitkan dan foto-foto hasil karya surat kabar atau organisasi berita harian yang berbasis di Amerika Serikat saja yang berhak menerima penghargaan jurnalisme.

Di bawah ini adalah pemenang pulitzer prize dari masa ke masa dan dari berbagai katgori :

Kategori fiksi

2011: A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan
2010: Tinkers by Paul Harding
2009: Olive Kitteridge by Elizabeth Strout
2008: The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao by Junot Diaz
2007: The Road by Cormac McCarthy
2006: March by Geraldine Brooks
2005: Gilead by Marilynne Robinson
2004: The Known World by Edward P. Jones
2003: Middlesex by Jeffrey Eugenides
2002: Empire Falls by Richard Russo
2001: The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay by Michael Chabon
2000: Interpreter of Maladies by Jhumpa Lahiri
1999: The Hours by Michael Cunningham
1998: American Pastoral by Philip Roth
1997: Martin Dressler: The Tale of an American Dreamer by Steven Millhauser
1996: Independence Day by Richard Ford
1995: The Stone Diaries by Carol Shields
1994: The Shipping News by E. Annie Proulx
1993: A Good Scent from a Strange Mountain by Robert Olen Butler
1992: A Thousand Acres by Jane Smiley
1991: Rabbit at Rest by John Updike
1990: The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love by Oscar Hijuelos
1989: Breathing Lessons by Anne Tyler
1988: Beloved by Toni Morrison
1987: A Summons to Memphis by Peter Taylor
1986: Lonesome Dove by Larry McMurtry
1985: Foreign Affairs by Alison Lurie
1984: Ironweed by William Kennedy
1983: The Color Purple by Alice Walker
1982: Rabbit Is Rich by John Updike
1981: A Confederacy of Dunces by John Kennedy Toole
1980: The Executioner's Song by Norman Mailer
1979: The Stories of John Cheever by John Cheever
1978: Elbow Room by James Alan McPherson
1977: No Award
1976: Humboldt's Gift by Saul Bellow
1975: The Killer Angels by Michael Shaara
1974: No Award
1973: The Optimist's Daughter by Eudora Welty
1972: Angle of Repose by Wallace Stegner
1971: No Award
1970: Collected Stories by Jean Stafford
1969: House Made of Dawn by N. Scott Momaday
1968: The Confessions of Nat Turner by William Styron
1967: The Fixer: by Bernard Malamud
1966: Collected Stories by Katherine Anne Porter
1965: The Keepers of the House by Shirley Ann Grau

Kategori umum non fiksi

2011: The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer by Siddhartha Mukherjee
2010: The Dead Hand: The Untold Story of the Cold War Arms Race and Its Dangerous Legacy by David E. Hoffman
2009: Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II by Douglas A. Blackmon
2008: The Years of Extermination: Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945 by Saul Friedlander
2007: The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11 by Lawrence Wright
2006: Imperial Reckoning: The Untold Story of Britain's Gulag in Kenya by Caroline Elkins
2005: Ghost Wars: The Secret History of The CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, From the Soviet by Steve Coll
2004: Gulag: A History by Anne Applebaum
2003: A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide by Samantha Power
2002: Carry Me Home: Birmingham, Alabama: The Climactic Battle of the Civil Rights Revolution by Diane McWhorter
2001: Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan by Herbert P. Bix
2000: Embracing Defeat by John W. Dower
1999: Annals of the Former World by John McPhee
1998: Guns, Germs, and Steel by Jared Diamond
1997: Ashes to Ashes by Richard Kluger
1996: The Haunted Land by Tina Rosenberg
1995: The Beak of the Finch by Jonathan Weiner
1994: Lenin's Tomb by David Remnick
1993: Lincoln at Gettysburg by Garry Wills
1992: The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power by Daniel Yergin
1991: The Ants by Bert Hölldobler and Edward O. Wilson
1990: And Their Children After Them by Dale Maharidge and Michael Williamson
1989: A Bright Shining Lie: John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam by Neil Sheehan
1988: The Making of the Atomic Bomb by Richard Rhodes
1987: Arab and Jew: Wounded Spirits in a Promised Land by David K. Shipler
1986: Common Ground by J. Anthony Lukas

Kategori Biografi

2011: Washington: A Life by Ron Chernow
2010: The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt by T.J. Stiles
2009: American Lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House by Jon Meacham
2008: Eden's Outcasts: The Story of Louisa May Alcott and Her Father by John Matteson
2007: The Most Famous Man in America: The Biography of Henry Ward Beecher by Debby Applegate
2006: American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer by Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin
2005: De Kooning: An American Master by Mark Stevens and Annalyn Swan
2004: Khrushchev: The Man and His Era by William Taubman
2003: Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson by Robert A. Caro
2002: John Adams by David McCullough
2001: W.E.B. Du Bois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century, 1919-1963 by David Levering Lewis
2000: Véra by Stacy Schiff
1999: Lindbergh by A. Scott Berg
1998: Personal History by Katharine Graham
1997: Angela's Ashes by Frank McCourt
1996: God: A Biography by Jack Miles
1995: Harriet Beecher Stowe: A Life by Joan D. Hedrick
1994: W.E.B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868-1919 by David Levering Lewis
1993: Truman by David McCullough
1992: Fortunate Son by Lewis B. Puller Jr.
1991: Jackson Pollock by Steven Naifeh and Gregory White Smith
1990: Machiavelli in Hell by Sebastian de Grazia
1989: Oscar Wilde by Richard Ellmann
1988: Look Homeward: A Life of Thomas Wolfe by David Herbert Donald
1987: Bearing the Cross by David J. Garrow
1986: Louise Bogan: A Portrait by Elizabeth Frank

Kategori sejarah

2011: The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery by Eric Foner
2010: Lords of Finance: The Bankers Who Broke the World by Liaquat Ahamed
2009: The Hemingses of Monticello by Annette Gordon-Reed
2008: What God Hath Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848 by Daniel Walker Howe
2007: The Race Beat: The Press, the Civil Rights Struggle, and the Awakening of a Nation by Gene Roberts and Hank Klibanoff
2006: Polio: An American Story by David M. Oshinsky
2005: Washington's Crossing by David Hackett Fischer
2004: A Nation Under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South from Slavery to the Great Migration by Steven Hahn
2003: An Army at Dawn: The War in Africa, 1942-1943 by Rick Atkinson
2002: The Metaphysical Club: A Story of Ideas in America by Louis Menand
2001: Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation by Joseph J. Ellis
2000: Freedom from Fear by David M. Kennedy
1999: Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898 by Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace
1998: Summer for the Gods by Edward J. Larson
1997: Original Meanings: Politics and Ideas in the Making of the Constitution by Jack N. Rakove
1996: William Cooper's Town by Alan Taylor
1995: No Ordinary Time by Doris Kearns Goodwin
1994: No Award
1993: The Radicalism of the American Revolution by Gordon S. Wood
1992: The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties by Mark E. Neely Jr.
1991: A Midwife's Tale by Laurel Thatcher Ulrich
1990: In Our Image: America's Empire in the Philippines by Stanley Karnow
1989: Battle Cry of Freedom by James M. McPherson
And Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-63 by Taylor Branch
1988: The Launching of Modern American Science, 1846-1976 by Robert V. Bruce
1987: Voyagers to the West by Bernard Bailyn
1986: The Heavens and the Earth by Walter A. McDougall

Kategori drama

2011: Clybourne Park by Bruce Norris
2010: Next to Normal by Tom Kitt and Brian Yorkey
2009: Ruined by Lynn Nottage
2008: August: Osage County by Tracy Letts
2007: Rabbit Hole by David Lindsay-Abaire
2006: No award given.
2005: Doubt by John Patrick Shanley
2004: I Am My Own Wife by Doug Wright
2003: Anna in the Tropics by Nilo Cruz
2002: Topdog/Underdog by Suzan-Lori Parks
2001: Proof by David Auburn
2000: Dinner with Friends by Donald Margulies
1999: Wit by Margaret Edson
1998: How I Learned to Drive by Paula Vogel
1997: No Award
1996: Rent by Jonathan Larson
1995: The Young Man from Atlanta by Horton Foote
1994: Three Tall Women by Edward Albee
1993: Angels in America by Tony Kushner
1992: The Kentucky Cycle by Robert Schenkkan
1991: Lost in Yonkers by Neil Simon
1990: The Piano Lesson by August Wilson
1989: The Heidi Chronicles by Wendy Wasserstein
1988: Driving Miss Daisy by Alfred Uhry
1987: Fences by August Wilson
1986: No Award

Kategori puisi

2010: The Best of It: New and Selected Poems by Kay Ryan
2010: Versed by Rae Armantrout
2009: The Shadow of Sirius by W.S. Merwin
2008: Time and Materials by Robert Hass and Failure by Philip Schultz
2007: Native Guard by Natasha Tretheway
2006: Late Wife by Claudia Emerson
2005: Delights and Shadows by Ted Kooser
2004: Walking to Martha's Vineyard by Franz Wright
2003: Moy Sand and Gravel by Paul Muldoon
2002: Practical Gods by Carl Dennis
2001: Different Hours by Stephen Dunn
2000: Repair by C.K. Williams
1999: Blizzard of One by Mark Strand
1998: Black Zodiac by Charles Wright
1997: Alive Together by Lisel Mueller
1996: The Dream of the Unified Field by Jorie Graham
1995: The Simple Truth by Philip Levine
1994: Neon Vernacular by Yusef Komunyakaa
1993: The Wild Iris by Louise Gluck
1992: Selected Poems by James Tate
1991: Near Changes by Mona Van Duyn
1990: The World Doesn't End by Charles Simic
1989: New and Collected Poems by Richard Wilbur
1988: Partial Accounts by William Meredith
1987: Thomas and Beulah by Rita Dove
1986: The Flying Change by Henry Taylor

Sumber : Wikipedia dan Amazon
Tags
Tentang Pulitzer, tentang penghargaan pulitzer, pulitzer prize, pemenang pulitzer dari masa ke masa, penghargaan pulitzer dari masa ke masa, penghargaan pulitzer 2011.